摘 要
本文首先分析小说悲剧的主要体现，即男女主人公的爱情悲剧；然后从内因和外因两个主要方面来探讨悲剧成因。内因主要分为两个部分，即男主人公的执着偏激个性和女主人公的矛盾性格；外因也分为两个部分，其一为周围人物的影响。并提出周围人物对男女主人公的价值观及性格形成都有重要作用；其二为社会因素的背后推动，即小说的创作背景，当时的婚姻观，人生观，价值观等。本文认为，在社会因素的基础上，《呼啸山庄》的悲剧折射出更多的人性因素，这也是本文所要深入挖掘的。
关键词：悲剧；人性因素；社会文明
ABSTRACT
This paper first analyzes the embodiment of the tragedy in Wuthering Heights : the love tragedy between hero and heroin. It then explores the causes of tragedy in two respects；internal causes and external causes. Internal causes include two main parts: hero’s extreme and stubborn character and heroin’s complicated nature. External causes consist of the influence from surrounding people and social conditions. It suggests that surrounding people have a great influence on the formation of hero and heroin’s characters and senses of worth. It contends that on the basis of social conditions, Wuthering Heights highlights more human elements which is to be discussed in this paper at a closer range.
Keywords：tragedy; human elements; civilization
Contents
1．Introduction 1
2. Embodiments of the love tragedy 2
3. Internal causes of the tragedy 4
3.1 Catherine’s complicated nature 4
3.1.1 Escapism for the born nature of herself 4
3.1.2 Selfishness on love 6
3.1.3 Persistence of true love from heart 7
3.2 Heathcliff’s stubborn and extreme character 7
4. External causes of the tragedy 11
4.1 Influences from surrounding people 11
4.1.1 Hindley’s influences on the formation of Heathcliff’s Character 11
4.2 Social conditions 13
5．Conclusion 15
Acknowledgements 16
References 17
