大母神和上帝——关于《秀拉》中伊娃的原型分析
摘要：伊娃是美国黑人女作家托妮·莫瑞森在其第二篇小说《秀拉》中塑造的一个女性形象。该人物因其种种令人费解的行为和矛盾的性格而备受读者和评论界的关注。而该论文意欲采用弗莱的原型批评的方法对其进行分析。在文中，伊娃被视为是大母神和上帝这两个神话原型的文学移位。该论文首先对弗莱的原型批评方法和两个神话原型做了简要的介绍，然后运用原型批评的方法对伊娃这一文学形象做了深入的分析。论文作者希望通过原型批评方法的运用，该论文能帮助人们对伊娃这一人物获得一个新的更好的认识。
关键词：伊娃；原型批评；大母神；上帝
The Great Mother and God
——An Archetypal Analysis of Eva in Sula
Abstract
Eva, the female character in Toni Morrison’s second novel Sula (1973), has long drawn the attention of critics and readers alike. Attempts to analyze Eva’s puzzling and paradoxical behaviors are numerous and diverse. This essay attempts to analyze this character with an archetypal approach. Eva is interpreted as the literary displacement of the Great Mother who is both the giver, protector and the taker of life, and a literature displacement of the Almighty, God. The paper will first give a brief account of the archetypal criticism and a general introduction to the two archetypes explored in the paper, and then analyze Eva from an archetypal perspective. Through the analysis, the paper aims to gain a better understanding and an in-depth interpretation of the character Eva.
Key words: Eva; archetypal criticism; the Great Mother; God
Contents
中文摘要………………i
Abstract………………………….…………………………………………….ii
Acknowledgements………………….….…………………….………………iii
Introduction………………………………………………………………….1
I. The Great Mother and God as the Archetypes…….………….……….………4
The Great Mother…………………………………….…………………4
God ………………………………………….………………………….4
II. Eva as the Displacement of the Great Mother……………………………6
Eva vs. Eve……………………………………………….……………6
Eva as a Mother……………………………………………………….6
A Loving Mother……………………………….…………………6
A Terrible Mother……………………………….………………….8
III. Eva as the Displacement of God……………………….…………………10
A. Creator of 7 Carpenter’s Road…………………………………………10
B. Sovereign of 7 Carpenter’s Road………………………………………11
Namer of Others………………………………………….……………13
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………16
Notes………………………………………………………………………….17
Bibliography………………………………………………………………….19
