从《秘密花园》看伯内特的生态意识
摘要：自工业革命以来，物质文明得到极速发展，但随之而来的环境问题也越来越严重。特别在当今社会，环境问题已成为一个威胁人类生存发展的重大问题，迫切需要得到解决。在这种社会背景下，文学领域也掀起了一场生态批评之风。
在英语儿童文学里，《秘密花园》是公认的无年龄界限的精品，也是一部打通雅俗之间界限的文学作品，既入严肃文学的殿堂，也是流行市场的赢家。在英国它被收入牛津《世界经典丛书》。
论文旨在从生态批评的角度来研究弗朗西斯·霍奇森·伯内特在《秘密花园》中对自然的描写及该作品中所包含的生态意识。论文首先对生态批评的理论作出概述，随后对文本作具体的分析来探索伯内特对人与自然的关系的看法。
关键词：秘密花园；生态意识；人与自然的关系
Revelation of Frances Hodgson Burnett’s
Eco-consciousness in the Secret Garden
Abstract
The central task of this paper is to explore how nature is described by Frances Hodgson Burnet and what her ecological attitude toward nature contains in her work—The Secret Garden. Through this study, we hope to gain a view of Burnett’s eco-consciousness from an eco-critical perspective and a better understanding of Burnett who concerns more about the harmony, mutual benefit and equality between man and nature rather than man’s mastery over other forms of life. It begins with a primary study of the eco-critical theory and then turns to the analysis of several representative characters to reveal the ecological theme in this novel. The literary analyses of this paper all centers on the relationship between man and nature.
Key words: The Secret Garden; eco-consciousness; relationship between man and nature
Acknowledgements
First and foremost, I wish to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, lecturer Wu Ling. Without his guidance, support and encouragement throughout the process, this thesis would never have become a reality.
Then I would like to thank all the teachers of English Department at Sichuan International Studies University (SISU). Their instructions and guidance have made my four years at this university a truly rewarding experience.
My special gratitude also goes to my classmates for their care in my life and for their insightful ideas in my learning.
Last but not the least, I would also like to sincerely thank my parents and grandparents for getting me here and keeping me going all the years.
Contents
中文摘要………………………………………………………………………i
Abstract………………………………………………………………………ii
Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………….iii
Introduction……………………………………………………………………1
A Brief Introduction to Eco-criticism………………………………………3
Ecology…………………………………………………………………3
Eco-criticism…………………………………………………………….4
The Significance of Eco-criticism in Literary Criticism………………4
Eco-criticism and Burnett’s The Secret Garden…………………………….6
Burnett’s Emotional Ties with Nature…………………………………6
Nature in The Secret Garden……………………………………………6
Eco-consciousness in The Secret Garden……………………………….7
The Relationship Between Man and Nature………………………7
Anthropocentric Consciousness and Eco-centrism………………12
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………15 Notes………………………………………………………………………….17
Bibliography………………………………………………………………….20
