摘 要
《马丁·伊登》是杰克·伦敦最具代表性的作品之一。这部小说被认为是美国20世纪初最具思想性的小说。这部半自传体小说通过对马丁·伊登短暂一生的描写，塑造了马丁·伊登个性极其鲜明的悲剧形象。本文通过对马丁·伊登的悲剧的研究，层层探究其悲剧背后的深层原因的同时，重点解读马丁·伊登的超人形象，个人主义者形象及美国梦背景下的牺牲者这三种悲剧形象，最后得出其悲剧命运的必然性。同时，马丁·伊登这一悲剧形象也从另一侧面反映了杰克•伦敦自身相互对立的思想，并指出在“微笑着的美国社会”背后所隐藏的东西。
关键词：马丁·伊登；悲剧；超人；个人主义；美国梦
ABSTRACT
Martin Eden is one of the most representative works of Jack London and is regarded as the most leading work on social ideological content at the beginning of the twentieth century in America. This semi-autobiography creates the tragic image of a striking personality in Martin Eden’s short life. From the tragedy study of Martin Eden, the thesis probes into the hidden image behind his tragedy. This thesis makes a research on Martin Eden as the superman image, the individualist image and the victim under the background of American Dream, which demonstrate that Martin Eden’s tragedy is inevitable. At the same time, it is the reflection of the philosophy of Jack London. It also reveals what is hidden behind the smiling American society.
Keywords: Martin Eden; tragedy; Superman; Individualism; American Dream
Contents
1. Introduction 1
1.1 Brief Introduction of Jack London and Martin Eden 1
1.2 The Moral of Eden 2
2. An Analysis of the Tragic Image of Martin Eden 2
2.1 A Tragic Story 2
2.2 The Main Causes of the Tragic Ending 3
2.2.1 The Disillusion of Love 3
2.2.2 The Loner after Fame 4
3. An Analysis of the Deep Image behind the Tragedy 5
3.1 An Analysis of the Superman Image of Martin Eden 5
3.1.1 The Worshipper of the Superman Idea 5
3.1.2 The Abdicator of the Superman Idea 6
3.2 The Analysis of the Individualist Image of Martin Eden 8
3.2.1 The Strong Individualist 8
3.2.2 Halfway Individualist 9
3.3 The Analysis of the Victim under the Background of American Dream 9
3.3.1 The Background of the American Dream 9
3.3.2 The Victim in the American Dream 10
4. The Significance of the Image of Martin Eden 11
4.1 The Reflection of the Thoughts of Jack London 11
4.2 The Social Meaning of the Image of Martin Eden 13
5. Conclusion 14
Acknowledgements 14
References 15
