论性格与命运的关系——苔丝等案例分析
摘 要
关于人的性格和命运之间的关系，一直以来都是各时期小说家们和评论家们研究和讨论的重点。这是一个跨越年龄、性别和国度的话题。英国著名小说家托马斯哈代笔下的苔丝，一方面是一名性格善良朴实，敢于有反抗和自我牺牲意识，敢爱敢恨，意志坚强的新型女性。另一方面她又是软弱无力，自我否定，终生受尽传统道德和虚伪宗教价值观折磨和迫害的英国南部雇佣农民阶级的代表。她的双重性格，让她的肉体和灵魂都受尽侮辱，难以追求正常的生活，最终为了短暂的幸福，牺牲了自己宝贵的生命。本文通过对苔丝双重性格的分析，试从个人性格与人生命运的角度理解造成苔丝悲剧命运的原因，继而引入古今中外的卡尔·荣格、唐骏、林黛玉及安吉拉·默克尔等人由于个人性格因素得到的不同命运的案例进一步阐述性格对于命运的重要性。希望现代人能重视个人性格因素对人生命运的影响，注重修身养性，找寻正确的人生定位，获取更大的人生价值和身心健康。
关键词：性格，命运，人生定位，身心健康
Relationship Between Personality and Destiny
——A Case Study of Tess and Other Characters
Abstract
The relationship between one’s personality and his destiny, which surpasses nationality, age and gender, has always been an important subject that searched and discussed by novelists and critics of every period. British novelist Thomas Hardy described Tess with dual personalities in his famous novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles. For one thing, Tess was regarded as a new woman for her gold heart, strong mind, great courage to sacrifice and resistance against the old tradition. For another, however, she was nothing more than a member of employed farmers in southern England who lacked power and courage and negated herself completely, as a result she was lost in the pain and torment of old tradition and hypocritical religion all her life. Her dual personalities brought sufferings to her body and soul, leading her life away from a normal person. In the end, to win a temporary happiness, Tess paid her precious life. This paper tries to analyze Tess’ dual personalities to understand the reason of her tragic life seen from the angle of the relationship between one’s personality and his destiny, and quotes some case analysis of Carl Gustav Jung, Tang Jun，Lin Daiyu and Angela Merkle, who have different destinies based on different personalities, to step further to explain how important that personality is to determine destiny, thus in the hope of modern people paying more attention to cultivate their mind and seek their proper life positions for more meaning and health.
Key words: personality, destiny, career, health
Contents
Statement………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
中文摘要……………………………………………………………………….Ⅱ
Abstract………………………………………………………………………….Ⅲ
Contents………………………………………………………………………….Ⅳ
Introduction….1
1. Panoramic View of Thomas Hardy and His Work…………………………………2
1.1 Setting…………………………………………………… ……………………2
1.2 Plot……………………………………………………………………………3
1.3 Theme…………………………………………………………………………3
2. Relationship Between Tess’ Personality and Destiny………………………………5
2.1 Good personality…………………………………………….5
2.2 Bad personality…………………………………………………………………6
2.3 Relationship between Tess’ personality and destiny……………………………7
3. Relationship Between Personality and Destiny……………………………………10
3.1 Carl Gustav Jung………………………………………………………………10
3.2 Tang Jun……………………………………………………………………….10
3.3 Lin Daiyu.11
3.4 Angela Merkle………………………………………………………………….12
4. Reason and Edification………………………………………………………………14
4.1 Reason…………………………………………………………………………14
4.2 Edification……………………………………………………………………….14
4.2.1 Career…………………………………………………………………….14
4.2.2 Health…………………………………………………………………….15
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….17
Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………….18
Bibliography………………….……………………………………………………….19
