摘 要
本文首先结合国内外学者的观点，研究了马克·吐温的讽刺性幽默，指出其独特的口语化语言风格，从广泛意义上讲，本身就是对传统文学语言的突变，实现了前景化；然后，综述了国内外重要学者对前景化理论的研究和发展，并提出前景化理论在语篇理解和分析过程中的重要地位，即作者在表述上更有张力，而读者也可以把握正确的方向，理解作者的本意；最后，以马克吐温最著名的小说之一《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》为研究对象，结合了于学勇的前景化实现模式，深入分析马克·吐温的讽刺性幽默及其主题的深化。
关键词：马克吐温；讽刺性幽默；前景化
ABSTRACT
This paper first studies the ironic humor of Mark Twain combined with the viewpoints of the scholars in and abroad, pointing out that in a larger sense, the massive usage of spoken language in literature at that time is a sort of violation to the traditional literature, which helps the realization of foregrounding. It then gives the research and development of foregrounding theory contributed by the scholars in and abroad, and puts forward the concept that foregrounding theory plays a vital role in understanding and analyzing contexts, a role that not only provides the writers a more effective approach to express but also helps the readers to find a more direct access to the right points consistent with what the writers plan to convey. It finally offers a further analysis on ironic humor and theme of the most famous novel the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by the realization pattern of foregrounding constructed by Yu Xueyong.
Keywords：Mark Twain; ironic humor; foregrounding
Contents
1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………. 1
1.1 Brief introduction to Mark Twain 1
1.2 Purpose and significance of the study on Mark Twain’s ironic humor 1
2. Literature review……………………………………………………………………. 3
2.1 Studies abroad 3
2.2 Studies in China 4
2.3 Comments on present studies 5
3. Foregrounding theory………………………………………………………………. 7
3.1 Introduction to foregrounding 7
3.2 The realization pattern of foregrounding 9
4. Mark Twain’s ironic humor………………………………………………………. 11
4.1 Background of Mark Twain’s novels 11
4.1.1 Realism and realism novel 11
4.1.2 Social background and factors 11
4.2 Features of Mark Twain’s ironic humor 12
5. Realization of foregrounding in ironic humor in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn…………………………………………………………………………………. 13
5.1 Phonological deviation 13
5.2 Graphological deviation 14
5.3 Grammatical deviation 15
5.4 Semantic deviation 16
5.4.1 Deception 16
5.4.2 Metaphor 17
5.5 Phonological overregularity 18
5.6 Grammatical overregularity 18
5.6.1 Repetition 18
5.6.2 Parallelism 19
6. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………… 21
Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………… 22
References…………………………………………………………………………… 23
