摘 要
当今社会“口译”成了一个热门的词汇，并且由于口译本身的特点，口译成了一个高压力，高能力，高收入的职业。但是口译过程中译者的心理研究却非常有限，大多是主观臆断或是实证调查，例证分析。本文主要是对这个问题做了详细的论述以期人们能够有一个比较完整的了解并有理论框架支撑。
论文的第一部分主要是引出研究话题即利用翻译生态学和翻译适应选择论作为支撑来研究口译者的心理环境。第二部分主要是介绍翻译生态学原理，引出翻译适应选择论的观点，提出口译的生态环境研究。第三部分试着探讨口译的心理活动过程并提出自己对口译心理生态环境的认识。着重分析口译的信息认知理解过程。第四部分是从翻译生态学和翻译适应选择论的角度来论述译者对口译心理生态的适应过程，包括对口译过程中语言信息处理的心理适应过程，现场气氛压力和突变生态环境下的心理适应性。最后一部分是一个全文性的总结.
关键词：口译；心理环境；适应；选择
ABSTRACT
Nowadays interpretation is becoming a buzzword, and for its own characters interpretation becomes a profession with higher pressure, higher requirement of capability and high incomes. But researches on interpreter’s psychology are limited even without explicit explanation.
In the first part, this thesis gives its research topic.
In the second part, the author introduces the translation ecology, translation adaptation and selection and determines the research on interpreter’s psychological environment.
In the third part, human’s psychological process is explored and interpreter’s information-processing process is analyzed.
In the fourth part, the author describes interpreter’s psychological adaptation to information-processing, on-site pressure and mutation environment from the perspective of translation ecology and translation as adaptation and selection.
Finally, the conclusion part gives an overall conclusion.
Keywords: interpretation; psychological environment; adaptation; selection
Contents
1. Introduction 1
2. Theoretical Framework: Translation Ecology 2
2.1 Theory of Translation Ecology 2
2.2 The Ecological Environment of Translation 3
2.3 The Ecological Environment of Interpretation 4
2.4 Discussions about the Interpreter’s Subjectivity 5
3. Researches on Psychological Environment of Interpretation 6
3.1 The Psychological Environment of Interpretation 6
3.1.1 Overview of Interpreters’ Psychological Studies 6
3.1.2 Researches on Interpreters’ Psychological Environment 7
3.2 Interpreters’ Information Comprehension Process 8
3.2.1 The Information-processing of Interpretation 8
3.2.2 The Process of Comprehension in Interpretation 10
3.2.3 The Importance of Listening Comprehension 11
4. The Adaptation of Psychological Environment in Interpretation 12
4.1 The Adaptation of Information Processing 12
4.1.1 Linguistic Contextual Adaptation of Interpretation 13
4.1.2 Non-linguistic Contextual Adaptation of Interpretation 13
4.2 The Adaptation of On-site Pressure in Interpretation 14
4.2.1 The Sources of On-site Pressure of Interpretation 14
4.2.2 The Adaptation of On-site Pressure and Optimum State Adjustment 16
4.3 The Adaptation of Mutation Ecological Environment 17
4.3.1 Mutation Ecological Environment of Interpretation 17
4.3.2 Typical Mutation Situation of Interpretation and Related Strategies 18
5. Conclusion 20
Acknowledgements 21
References 22
