摘 要
奥斯卡ּ王尔德的唯一的一部小说《道林ּ格雷的画像》从出版以来就备受争议，但是从某种意义上说，这部小说像是王尔德自身矛盾人格的写照。本文将从弗洛伊德的精神分析理论出发，弗洛伊德认为人格结构由自我、本我和超我构成。本文将从自我、本我、超我三个方面出发，来分析小说三位主要人物的性格特征及自我和超我人格对道林ּ格雷的深刻影响。利用3+1模式的比较研究方法，通过对小说中三位主人公道林ּ格雷、亨利、巴希尔的本我、自我和超我的分析，并与王尔德本人的性格进行比较研究，将小说中的人物与作者的性格比较分析，进一步阐述自我、本我与超我之间的关系。本文将对三种人格之间的特征和情感纠葛进行详尽的分析，旨在深入研究该小说的主要人物。
关键词：《道林·格雷的画像》；王尔德；弗洛伊德
ABSTRACT
The Picture of Dorian Gray, which is very controversial after being published, is the unique novel of Oscar Wilde. But in some aspects, the main characters in the novel are the true reflection of Wilde’s character. The paper analyzes the three main characters in the The Picture of Dorian Gray from the theory of Freud about the Id, Ego and Superego. It then elaborates the influence of the characters on Oscar Wilde and the application of the theory to The Picture of Dorian Gray. To some extent, the novel is a truthful reflection of contradictory triple personalities of the author Oscar Wilde: the three main characters, Dorian, Basil and Henry, faithfully reflect the three aspects of Wilde’s personality: the id, the superego and the ego. It finally discusses the relationship between the three main characters and the reflection of the author’s sophisticated personality. Based on detailed analysis and comparison between the three characters and the author, the paper aims to make a deep research of the main characters in the novel.
Key words： The Picture of Dorian Gray; Wilde; Freud
Contents
1．Introduction 1
2. Brief Introduction of Oscar Wilde 3
2.1 The life and works of Oscar Wilde 3
2.2 Aestheticism in The Picture of Dorian Gray 4
3. Brief Introduction of The Picture of Dorian Gray 6
3.1 The Plot of The Picture of Dorian Gray 6
3.2 The theme of The Picture of Dorian Gray 7
4. The theory of Freud about the Id, Ego and Superego 9
4.1 id 9
4.2 ego 10
4.3 superego 10
4.3 The interaction of id, ego and superego. 10
5. The application of the theory to The Picture of Dorian Gray 12
5.1 Dorian the id 12
5.2 Henry the ego 13
5.3 Basil the superego 14
5.4 The interaction of the three elements in Wilde’s character 15
6．Conclusion 17
Acknowledgements 19
References 20
