THE BIBLICAL ELEMENT IN TESS OF THE
D’URBERVILLES
Abstract: Tess of the D’urbervilles was considered to be one of the greatest works of Hardy. People held different ideas about why Hardy wrote this book. Some said it was because Hardy was affected by the fatalism, and some said he was affected by the Bible. Which idea was right? This essay analyzed some chapters in Tess of the D’urbervilles and pointed out there was the element of Biblical characters, the element of Biblical scene and the element of Biblical symbols and associations in this book. This essay studied Hardy and his book Tess, giving readers much help in learning Hardy and his many works. The aim in this dissertation is to make people understand there were lots of Biblical elements in Tess of the D’urbervilles; Hardy wrote this book mainly because he was affected by the Bible.
Key Words: Hardy;Tess of the D’urbervilles;Tess;Biblical element.
德伯家的苔丝中的圣经元素
摘 要：哈代写的《德伯家的苔丝》是百年巨著。对于哈代写此书的初衷历来文学评论家们各执一词。那么，哈代到底是受到了宿命论的影响还是圣经的影响而写了此书的呢？本文分析了作品苔丝中的众多章节，指出了其中的圣经人物元素，圣经场景元素，圣经象征与联想元素。 这样，能使读者们在了解哈代及其作品《苔丝》的时候，获得较大的帮助。本文旨在使人明白小说苔丝中存在着的大量的圣经元素，作家哈代完全是受圣经的影响而写了此书的。
关键词： 哈代；《德伯家的苔丝》；苔丝；圣经元素
CONTENTS
Introduction 1
1. The Biblical Element in 19th Century 1
2. Hardy’s Christianity 2
3. The Element of Biblical Characters 2
3.1 Angel 2
3.2 Satan 3
3.3 Sacrifice, Job and Christ 5
3.3.1 Sacrifice 5
3.3.2 Job 6
3.3.3 Christ 6
3.4 Leah And Rachel 7
4. The Element of Biblical Scene 8
4.1 The Scene of Paradise 8
4.2 The Scene of Eden 8
4.3 The Scene of Altar 9
5. The Element of Biblical Symbols and Associations 10
5.1 The River of the Water Of Life 10
5.2 The Red Color 11
5.3 The Harp 12
5.4 The Cross 14
6. Conclusion 14
Bibliography 18
