文档字数：8151
摘 要
纳撒尼尔·霍桑是19世纪美国的著名小说家和作家。长篇小说《红字》是霍桑的代表作。它充分反应了清教对人的精神摧残和人们无法克制的对幸福生活的追求。从女权主义的角度看，《红字》是一部有关反叛女性—海丝特的小说。小说创造性地演绎了当时的父系社会对海丝特的压迫。海丝特崇尚女权主义、追求浪漫爱情的女性形象在清教社会中表现的尤为突出。她虽然坚强、勇敢、勤劳、善良，并具有崇高的自我献身精神，但最终却落得悲惨的结局。卡米拉是当今英国王室一位颇具争议的王妃，而在这之前，她一直都扮演着查尔斯王子情妇的角色。海丝特与卡米拉是不同时代的两个女性，但她们之间却有着本质的联系。她们都有着只有婚姻而没有爱情的痛苦经历。“爱情是建立在理想土壤上的，而婚姻是建立在现实基础上的”（熊文，82）。因此本论文主要从爱情观的角度对她们进行对比分析。海丝特与卡米拉的爱情观，同中有异，异中有同，都具有反叛和抗争，渴望得到真爱，都在无爱的婚姻中苦苦挣扎。论文将就她们的不同点：时代背景的不同，性格特征的不同，反叛方式，爱情观以及其结局的不同等方面对论文主题进行阐述。
关键词
海丝特；卡米拉；爱情；对比；女权主义意识
Contents
Abstract..I
Key Words.I
摘要..II
关键词..II
Introduction....1
I. The Different Backgrounds of Hester and Camilla2
A. The Influence of Puritanism upon Hester’s Poor Fate..2
B. Condemn from Royal Family and the Public towards Camilla4
II. Differences in Character between Hester and Camilla.6
A. Hester’s Guilty Feelings...6
B. Camilla’s Confidence7
III. Rebellious Spirits.8
A. Hester’s Three Main Rebellions...8
1. Insistence on the Guardianship over Pearl...8
2. Disclosing of the Hypocrisy of Chillingworth.8
3. Encouraging Dimmesdale Fleeing away with her...9
B. Camilla’s Rebellion.......9
IV. Views of Love by Comparison..10
A. The Influence of Feminism upon Hester’s Attitude to Love..10
B. Camilla’s Active Attitude to her Love12
V. Different Results.13
A. Hester’s Tragic Results...13
B. Camilla’s Winning of the Respect and Marrying Charles..14
Conclusion...16
Acknowledgements.17
Bibliography18
Abstract
Hawthorne was a 19th century American novelist and short story writer. The Scarlet Letter is his masterpiece, which reflects how the Puritanism devastates the human spirits and people’s longing for happiness. From the feminist point of view, The Scarlet Letter is also a novel about a rebellious woman, Hester. It creatively deduces that the heroine is fighting against the patriarchal oppression on her. The woman image that advocates feminism and seeks the romantic love is outstanding especially in Puritan society. Even though she is strong, brave, industrious, kindhearted, and with a lofty devoting spirit, her whole life is very tragic in the end. Camilla is now a “controversial” Princess in the English royal family, since she was Charles’s mistress for a long time before their marriage. Although Hester and Camilla are women in different eras, they have something in common. They have painful experiences of marriages without love. “Love is built on ideal soil, while marriage is on the basis of reality” (Xiong Wen, 82). Therefore, this paper mainly analyzes their attitudes towards love by comparison. There are similarities among their views of love. For example, both of them are rebellious women and eager to gain true love, struggling against the loveless marriages. The paper mostly demonstrates the differences from the aspects of different backgrounds, different characters, rebellious spirits, different views of love and results.
Key Words
Hester; Camilla; love; comparison; feminist consciousness
