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汽车纵梁弯曲模具的设计
摘 要
汽车底盘是支承、安装汽车发动机及其各部件、总成，形成汽车的整体造型，并接受发动机的动力，使汽车产生运动，保证正常行驶的重要汽车部件。随着车型及数量的不断增加，载重汽车纵梁总成2004—2006年预计配套量年平均增长60%，社会销量年平均增长30%左右。近年来，随着车型的多样化以及发动机等核心零部件的更新换代等变化，对底盘的要求也越来越多样化，纵梁的成型工艺要求也就相应增加。随着我国汽车工业的飞速发展，客户个性化需求越来越多，各种变形纵梁层出不穷，传统的加工制造方法已不能满足上述要求。
本文针对汽车纵梁的产品工艺性要求，设计其金属弯曲模。再根据已设计出的模具相关尺寸与强度等数据，建立模型。在不同模拟参数下，如板料弯曲成型的不同厚度、虚拟速度、虚拟质量、节点、单元等，模拟弯曲过程进行起皱与破裂分析，分析计算各设计变量、目标函数、约束条件，最终得出最优弯曲厚度。减少生产中的错误，节约生产成本与物料资源，增加生产效率。
关键词：纵梁 弯曲模 设计 有限元分析
Automobile Beam Bending Mold Design
Abstract
Chassis is an important auto parts,which used in supporting, installation automotive engine and its components, assembly, and forming the overall shape of the car and the engine power acceptable to have a sports car, and ensuring the normal running. With the number of models and increasing truck beam assembly is expected to support the volume of the 2004-2006 average annual growth of 60% average annual sales growth of the community about 30%. In recent years, with the diversification of models, as well as the core engine replacement parts, such as changes in the requirements of the chassis has become increasingly diversified, the beam forming process requirements will increase accordingly. With the rapid development of China's automobile industry, customer demand for personalized, more and more endless variety of beam deformation, the traditional method of processing can not meet those requirements.
In this paper, automotive products longeron process requirements, design the metal bending modulus. Has been designed in accordance with the mold-related data such as size and strength to build the model. In different simulation parameters, such as forming sheet metal bending with different thickness, the virtual velocity, virtual quality, nodes, modules and simulation of bending process of wrinkling and rupture analysis, analysis of the design variables, objective function, constraints, and ultimately a optimal thickness of the bend. Reduce errors in production, saving production costs and material resources to increase production efficiency.
Keywords:Beam; Automotive beam, Bending die, Design, FEM
目 录
中文摘要................................................................. i
英文摘要................................................................. ii
目录.....................................................................iii
第一章 绪论........................................................... 1
1.1课题背景、目的、意义 ........................................... 1
1.2国内外研究现状分析 ............................................. 1
1.3本论文主要研究的内容 ........................................... 1
第二章 纵梁弯曲模设计 ................................................ 2
2.1纵梁弯曲分析.................................................... 2
2.1.1变形程度及表示............................................ 2
2.1.2变形区域的应力、应变分析 ................................. 4
2.1.3变形特点分析 ............................................. 5
2.2弯曲力计算 ..................................................... 7
2.2.1弯曲与校正时弯曲力计算 ................................... 7
2.2.2压力机公称压力的计算 ..................................... 8
2.3弯曲模数据分析 ................................................. 9
2.3.1凹模与凸模的计算 ......................................... 9
2.3.2凹模与凸模横向尺寸及制造公差 .............................11
2.4纵梁弯曲模防回弹措施 ...........................................13
第三章 Ansys有限元分析 ................................................14
3.1 Ansys有限元简介 ................................................14
3.2 Ansys有限元分析过程 ............................................14
3.2.1问题及求解域定义 ..........................................14
3.2.2求解域离散化 ..............................................15
3.2.3 线，面，体 ............................................... 18
3.2.4 网格划分与有限元模型 ..................................... 23
3.3 Ansys有限元分析结果 ............................................24
总结 ......................................................................25
参考文献 ..................................................................26
致谢 ......................................................................27
