老年住院患者跌倒风险评估与相关对策

老年住院患者跌倒风险评估与相关对策

【摘要】目的：对老年住院患者发生跌倒的危险因素进行评估，并根据危险因素制定相应的预防对策。方法：对我院2012年1月至2013年1月住院治疗的年龄大于60岁的85例患者的临床资料进行了回顾性分析。结果：本组85例患者中发生跌倒29例，跌倒患者中存在潜在风险7例，占24.14%；存在高危风险22例，占75.86%；导致跌倒发生的主要风险因素为：生理因素、心理因素、疾病因素、环境因素、药物因素。结论：采取有针对性的护理对策，可有效降低老年住院患者跌倒的风险。

【关键词】老年住院患者；跌倒风险评估；对策；分析

Hospitalized elderly patients fall risk assessment and countermeasures Abstract

Objective: To assess the risk factors for falls of hospitalized elderly patients, and to develop appropriate prevention strategies based on risk factors.  Method:  Conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 85 patients in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2013 hospitalized older than 60 years old.  Results:  Fall 29 cases occurred in the group of 85 patients, seven cases of potential risk fall patients, accounting for 24.14%; presence of a high risk of 22 cases, accounting for 75.86%; major risk factors that lead to falls occur: physiological factors, psychological factors, disease factors, environmental factors, drug factors.  Conclusion: Take care targeted countermeasures, can effectively reduce the risk of falling in hospitalized elderly patients. Keyword：Hospitalized elderly patients;  Fall risk assessment;  Responses;  Analysis 

跌倒是指突发、不自主的、非故意的身体的任何部位(不包括双脚)的体位改变，倒在地上或更低的平面上[1]。好发于老年人群中，也是导致老年人发生意外损伤和死亡的首要原因。据统计学数据显示，随着人口老龄化进程的加快，我国每年经约有1/3的65岁以上老年发生过跌倒事件，有1/4以上的患者因跌倒而发生意外，甚至是终身残疾。目前，随着人们防范意识的提高，住院和需要长期照顾的老年患者逐年增加，因而，